Metacognition


 * “Writing, Mathematics, and Metacognition: Looking for Connections Through Students' Work in Mathematical Problem Solving”**

By David K. Pugalee

Researched the connection between writing and the metacognitive categories studied by Garofalo and Lester (1985)

Orientation
 * Assessing & understanding the problem
 * Comprehension strategies
 * Assessment of familiarity of the task
 * Initial and subsequent representation
 * Assessment of the level of difficulty and chance of success

Organization
 * “What will you do?”
 * Identifying goals and subgoals
 * How to find a solution
 * Drawing diagrams
 * Organizing data

Execution
 * “What did you do?”
 * Performing specific goals
 * Progress monitoring
 * Performing calculations
 * Subtotalling, solving equations, other manipulation of numbers
 * Redirecting efforts

Verification
 * “Does it make sense?”
 * Checking the reasonableness or accuracy of their work
 * Does not have to occur only at the end of a task
 * Not only checking computations but sense-making